It is described as technical solution that approves email authentication is not at all forged. Otherwise, it can be explained as a method of verifying an email is received from. It is mostly utilized to block fraudulent or harmful email uses like spam and phishing.
Normally, we utilize 'email authentication' term in order to refer the technical standards, making the verification possible. SPF, DMARC and DKIM are a few commonly utilized email authentication standards. All these standards are designed in order to supplement the SMTP (a basic protocol which sends email) as SMTP not includes authentication mechanisms.
How it works?
There are a number of approaches to the email authentication. Every one of it has its own pros and cons. Though, technical implementation differs as per approach. The process is like -
-- An organization or business sends email make a policy, which defines rules through which email authentication is done.
-- Email sender arranges the mail servers as well as technical infra in order to publish and implement these rules.
-- Mail server, receiving email authenticates messages received by it via checking the details, regarding incoming emails against rules that are defined by domain owner.
-- Mail server turns on results of authentication in order to flag, deliver or reject message.
Email Authentication depends on the basic standards -
DKIM, DMARC and SPF are standards, enabling various aspects of the email authentication. All of them address the issues.
-- SPF permits senders in order to define the IP addresses that are permitted to send the mail for specific domain
-- DKIM offer digital signature and encryption key, which verifies email message is not altered or faked
-- DMARC unifies DKIM and SPF authentication in the common framework as well as permits domain owners in order to declare will they like mail through that domain which will be handled in case it fails the authorization test
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